{"slug": "cistercians", "label": "Cistercians", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistercians", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166861", "qid": "Q166861", "description": "Roman Catholic order of the Benedictine reform in the tradition of the monastery of Citaux", "entries": 48, "years": 41, "span": [1028, 1929], "span_label": ["1028 CE", "1929 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 36}, {"title": "Births", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Cistercian", "Cistercian Order", "Cistercian order"], "related": [{"slug": "yorkshire", "label": "Yorkshire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ireland", "label": "Ireland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "wales", "label": "Wales", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-aragon", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "benedictines", "label": "Benedictines", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "duchy-of-normandy", "label": "Duchy of Normandy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-hungary-10001301", "label": "Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "agriculture", "label": "Agriculture", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bela-iii-of-hungary", "label": "Béla III of Hungary", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1028, "year_label": "1028 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Robert of Molesme, founder of the Cistercian Order (d. 1111)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363299472#Births", "title": "1028", "revid": 1363299472, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1089, "year_label": "1089 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 21", "text": "March 21 – Cîteaux Abbey, the first Cistercian monastery, is established by a group of French monks under Robert of Molesme in southern France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270667#Religion", "title": "1089", "revid": 1365270667, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1098, "year_label": "1098 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 21", "text": "March 21 – Cîteaux Abbey, located in Saint-Nicolas-lès-Cîteaux, is founded by Robert of Molesme, founder of the Cistercian Order.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163181#Religion", "title": "1098", "revid": 1362163181, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1110, "year_label": "1110 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Aelred of Rievaulx, English Cistercian monk and abbot (d. 1167)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368871350#Births", "title": "1110", "revid": 1368871350, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1114, "year_label": "1114 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pontigny Abbey, a Cistercian monastery, is founded (located in Burgundy).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184492#Religion", "title": "1114", "revid": 1369184492, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1117, "year_label": "1117 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Maurice of Carnoet, French Cistercian abbot (d. 1191)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694426#Births", "title": "1117", "revid": 1361694426, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1121, "year_label": "1121 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ascelina, French Cistercian nun and mystic (d. 1195)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362154597#Births", "title": "1121", "revid": 1362154597, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1128, "year_label": "1128 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – Waverley Abbey is founded by Bishop William Giffard in the south of England. The first abbot and 12 Cistercian monks are brought from L'Aumône Abbey in Normandy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348046025#Religion", "title": "1128", "revid": 1348046025, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1131, "year_label": "1131 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – Tintern Abbey is founded in Wales by Cistercian monks in the Wye Valley.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372289644#Religion", "title": "1131", "revid": 1372289644, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1132, "year_label": "1132 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Basingwerk Abbey originally Benedictine, and later Cistercian, is founded near Holywell in Wales.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359566515#Religion", "title": "1132", "revid": 1359566515, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1132, "year_label": "1132 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – Rievaulx Abbey is founded by the Cistercian order, near Helmsley in Yorkshire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359566515#Religion", "title": "1132", "revid": 1359566515, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1132, "year_label": "1132 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – Fountains Abbey soon to join the Cistercian order, is founded near Ripon in Yorkshire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359566515#Religion", "title": "1132", "revid": 1359566515, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1136, "year_label": "1136 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Melrose Abbey (located in the Scottish Borders) is founded by Cistercian monks at the request of David.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365584360#Religion", "title": "1136", "revid": 1365584360, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1140, "year_label": "1140 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The first Cistercian monastery in Spain is founded in Fitero. The order enjoys a rapid expansion in the region in the following 15 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367307539#Religion", "title": "1140", "revid": 1367307539, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1142, "year_label": "1142 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Foundation of the first Cistercian house in Ireland at Mellifont, on land given by the King of Airgíalla. Abbey completed in 1157. The Cistercians were brought into Ireland by Saint Malachy", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247814211#Events", "title": "1142 in Ireland", "revid": 1247814211, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1145, "year_label": "1145 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Woburn Abbey is founded by the Cistercians in England. A colony of monks arrive from Fountains Abbey to establish a community that will survive until 1234.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362160818#Religion", "title": "1145", "revid": 1362160818, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1145, "year_label": "1145 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Adam of Perseigne, French Cistercian abbot (d. 1221)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362160818#Births", "title": "1145", "revid": 1362160818, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1147, "year_label": "1147 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Congregation of Savigny is affiliated to the Cistercians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163362#Religion", "title": "1147", "revid": 1362163362, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1147, "year_label": "1147 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The community at St. Mary's Abbey (Dublin) (originally Savigniac) joined the Cistercian order.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331850042#Events", "title": "1147 in Ireland", "revid": 1331850042, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1148, "year_label": "1148 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Baltinglass Abbey founded by the Cistercians in Baltinglass", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1291181222#Events", "title": "1148 in Ireland", "revid": 1291181222, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1154, "year_label": "1154 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Abbeydorney Abbey, established by the Cistercian Order north of the modern village of Abbeydorney.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322721794#Events", "title": "1154 in Ireland", "revid": 1322721794, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1157, "year_label": "1157 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The earliest Irish land charter to survive is that of the grant in 1157 of land to the Cistercians in Newry, which lay in Uí Echach, by the High King Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318603223#Events", "title": "1157 in Ireland", "revid": 1318603223, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1157, "year_label": "1157 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Completion and consecration of Mellifont Abbey, the first Cistercian foundation in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318603223#Events", "title": "1157 in Ireland", "revid": 1318603223, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1163, "year_label": "1163 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Loccum Abbey in Hanover is founded as a Cistercian house, by abbot Ekkehard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359581472#Events", "title": "1163", "revid": 1359581472, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1173, "year_label": "1173 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Approximate date – King Béla III of Hungary invites Cistercian and Premonstratensian monks to Hungary. They introduce advanced agricultural methods in the realm.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300112960#Agriculture", "title": "1173", "revid": 1300112960, "section": "Events › By topic › Agriculture"}}, {"year": 1177, "year_label": "1177 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Byland Abbey is established on its final site in Yorkshire, England, by the Cistercians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1273054652#Date_unknown", "title": "1177", "revid": 1273054652, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1178, "year_label": "1178 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – Saracen pirates, from the Balearic Islands, raid the Cistercian monastery of Saint Honorat on the Lérins Islands, and the city of Toulon, killing an estimated 300 and taking captives. The surviving captives are freed from the Balearic Islands in 1185.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170417#Europe", "title": "1178", "revid": 1362170417, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1182, "year_label": "1182 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Kilcooly Abbey is founded, when the King of Thomond Donal Mor O’Brien granted lands to the Cistercians, to build one in Country Tipperary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367186663#Events", "title": "1182 in Ireland", "revid": 1367186663, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1190, "year_label": "1190 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Knockmoy Abbey was founded as a Cistercian abbey by the King of Connacht, Cathal Crobhdearg Ua Conchobair, in what is now Abbeyknockmoy", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367525587#Events", "title": "1190 in Ireland", "revid": 1367525587, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1190, "year_label": "1190 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ida of Nivelles, Belgian Cistercian nun and mystic (d. 1231)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650742#Births", "title": "1190", "revid": 1368650742, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1202, "year_label": "1202 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Rueda Abbey is founded by Cistercians at Sástago, in the Kingdom of Aragon (modern Spain).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187490#Religion", "title": "1202", "revid": 1369187490, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1204, "year_label": "1204 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Cistercian convent of Port-Royal-des-Champs is established.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361051821#Events", "title": "1204", "revid": 1361051821, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1212, "year_label": "1212 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Fontenelle Abbey, a Cistercian nunnery in Maing, Nord, France, is founded as a small oratory by two sisters Agnes and Jeanne, daughters of Hélin, seigneur d'Aulnoy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331867628#Date_unknown", "title": "1212 in France", "revid": 1331867628, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1212, "year_label": "1212 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Monastic reform orders like the Cistercians continued to expand in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367203721#Events", "title": "1212 in Ireland", "revid": 1367203721, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1216, "year_label": "1216 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The abbots of Jerpoint and Mellifont Abbeys are deposed by the Cistercians' general chapter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247432775#Events", "title": "1216 in Ireland", "revid": 1247432775, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1217, "year_label": "1217 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Pentemont Abbey is founded south-west of Beauvais in an orchard by Philip of Dreux, the famed crusader bishop of Beauvais, who wished to found a convent of the Cistercian order.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364762903#Date_unknown", "title": "1217 in France", "revid": 1364762903, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1221, "year_label": "1221 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Adam of Perseigne, French Cistercian abbot (b. 1145)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300593#Deaths", "title": "1221", "revid": 1363300593, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1222, "year_label": "1222 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Cistercian convent in Alcobaça, Portugal, is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224827#Europe", "title": "1222", "revid": 1371224827, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1250, "year_label": "1250 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 11", "text": "June 11 – Alice of Schaerbeek, Flemish Cistercian lay sister (b. c. 1220)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360895476#Deaths", "title": "1250", "revid": 1360895476, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1254, "year_label": "1254 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Edward marries Eleanor of Castile in the Cistercian monastery of Las Huelgas at Burgos.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296887805#England", "title": "1254", "revid": 1296887805, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1334, "year_label": "1334 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "King Aed of Tir Conaill dies in the habit of a Cistercian at his monastery of Assaroe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323561415#Deaths", "title": "1334 in Ireland", "revid": 1323561415, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1335, "year_label": "1335 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pope Benedict XII begins to reform the Cistercians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067892#Date_unknown", "title": "1335", "revid": 1267067892, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1421, "year_label": "1421 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – The Sedlec Abbey, a monastery for the Cistercians order in Bohemia, is looted and burned by Hussites led by Jan Žižka, and several of the monks inside are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365656442#April–June", "title": "1421", "revid": 1365656442, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1523, "year_label": "1523 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Under a plan organized by Sister Katharina von Bora and Protestant reformer Martin Luther, fish merchant Leonhard Köppe helps carry out the rescue of Von Bora and other Cistercian Catholic nuns from the Nimbschen Abbey in Germany near Grimma and Leipzig. On the day before Easter, Köppe arrives at the convent under the pretext of bringing delivering herring and other foods to the Abbey, then uses empty barrels to smuggle the nuns to Wittenberg. Von Bora will later become Luther's wife.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561167#April–June", "title": "1523", "revid": 1369561167, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1554, "year_label": "1554 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – Edward Staples, Bishop of Meath, is deprived of his office as being a married priest. The Cistercian William Walsh is appointed to succeed him on 22 November by letters patent.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247429278#Events", "title": "1554 in Ireland", "revid": 1247429278, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1664, "year_label": "1664 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Austere reforms introduced in the Cistercian La Trappe Abbey in Normandy by Armand de Rancé, origin of the Trappists.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372648278#Date_unknown", "title": "1664", "revid": 1372648278, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1833, "year_label": "1833 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August", "text": "August – Mount Melleray Abbey in the Knockmealdown Mountains is founded, the first Cistercian foundation in Ireland in modern times.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247384629#Events", "title": "1833 in Ireland", "revid": 1247384629, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1929, "year_label": "1929 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 6", "text": "6 January - The abbey on Caldey Island is handed over by the Benedictine order to its new owners, Belgian Cistercians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362297190#Events", "title": "1929 in Wales", "revid": 1362297190, "section": "Events"}}]}