{"slug": "central-intelligence-agency", "label": "Central Intelligence Agency", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37230", "qid": "Q37230", "description": "national foreign intelligence agency of the United States", "entries": 20, "years": 17, "span": [1946, 2022], "span_label": ["1946 CE", "2022 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["C.I.A.", "CIA"], "related": [{"slug": "cold-war", "label": "Cold War", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "federal-bureau-of-investigation", "label": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-states", "label": "United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "osama-bin-laden", "label": "Osama bin Laden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "indonesia", "label": "Indonesia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "soviet-union", "label": "Soviet Union", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "guatemala", "label": "Guatemala", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nicaragua", "label": "Nicaragua", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ronald-reagan", "label": "Ronald Reagan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "irancontra-affair", "label": "Iran–Contra affair", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "beirut", "label": "Beirut", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "harry-s-truman", "label": "Harry S. Truman", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 22", "text": "January 22 – The National Intelligence Authority, and its operational arm, the Central Intelligence Group, are established in the United States; these become part of the Central Intelligence Agency in 1947.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#January", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act of 1947 into law to create the Central Intelligence Agency, the Department of Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#July", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1947, "year_label": "1947 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – The National Security Act of 1947 becomes effective on this day, creating the United States Air Force, National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371901060#September", "title": "1947", "revid": 1371901060, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 19", "text": "19 February - A CIA confidential report that was released in 2010 stated there was an alleged bombing of the Soviet Embassy in the capital city of Tirana which initially killed eight people and wounded six others. Immediately after the explosion, 12 more, including six policemen and an Albanian deputy, were killed after the Albanian Security Police allegedly opened fire on the crowd. One thousand more were arrested after this incident.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353806501#January_to_April", "title": "1951 in Albania", "revid": 1353806501, "section": "Events › January to April"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – The CIA-sponsored Robertson Panel first meets to discuss the UFO phenomenon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#January", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15–19 – Cold War: 1953 Iranian coup d'état – Overthrow of the democratically elected Prime Minister of Iran, Mohammad Mosaddegh, by Iranian military in favour of strengthening the monarchical rule of the Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, with the support of the United States Central Intelligence Agency (as \"Operation Ajax\") and the United Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#August", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 – Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz steps down in a CIA-sponsored military coup, triggering a bloody civil war that continues for more than 35 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#June", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – A bomber flown by a U.S. Central Intelligence Agency operative in support of Indonesian Permesta rebels bombs the harbor at Balikpapan, Borneo, Indonesia, hitting an Indonesian naval corvette and two British oil tankers. In June, the Indonesian and British governments both claim that Indonesian rebels are responsible for such attacks, concealing the C.I.A.'s involvement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#April", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower approves a covert Central Intelligence Agency plan to train a paramilitary force against Cuba, which will result in the 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#March", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – The U-2 incident: Several Soviet surface-to-air missiles shoot down an American Lockheed U-2 spy plane. Its pilot, Francis Gary Powers of the Central Intelligence Agency, is captured.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#May", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1965, "year_label": "1965 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "October", "text": "October - Nanda Devi Plutonium Mission by Central Intelligence Agency.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354620334#Events", "title": "1965 in India", "revid": 1354620334, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1966, "year_label": "1966 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – CIA chief William Raborn resigns; Richard Helms becomes his successor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370246126#June", "title": "1966", "revid": 1370246126, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1967, "year_label": "1967 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October", "text": "October - Ñancahuazú Guerrilla defeated by Government of Bolivia with CIA assistance. Che Guevara captured and executed", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354327407#Events", "title": "1967 in Bolivia", "revid": 1354327407, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1972, "year_label": "1972 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 23", "text": "June 23 – Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House chief of staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the C.I.A. to obstruct the investigation by the F.B.I. into the Watergate break-ins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371514417#June", "title": "1972", "revid": 1371514417, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – Iran–Contra affair: U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), authorizing the Central Intelligence Agency to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369107326#November", "title": "1981", "revid": 1369107326, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1984, "year_label": "1984 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – The United States Central Intelligence Agency station chief in Beirut, William Francis Buckley, is kidnapped by the Islamic Jihad Organization and later dies in captivity.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371242779#March", "title": "1984", "revid": 1371242779, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 3", "text": "3 March – The Iraqi National Congress, backed by the CIA, along with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan attack the city of Kirkuk, the incursion increased the opposition's foothold in northern Iraq but did not meaningfully change the map as the expected US support didn't materialize.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292123048#Events", "title": "1995 in Iraq", "revid": 1292123048, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 25", "text": "May 25 — A Boeing 727 aircraft is stolen from an airport in Luanda, Angola triggering an international terrorist investigation by the FBI and CIA. The aircraft and its pilots were never found.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371470479#May", "title": "2003", "revid": 1371470479, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2013, "year_label": "2013 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – Global surveillance disclosures: Former CIA employee and NSA contractor Edward Snowden discloses operations engaged in by a U.S. government mass surveillance program to news publications and flees the country, later being granted temporary asylum in Russia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373160550#June", "title": "2013", "revid": 1373160550, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Ayman al-Zawahiri, the Egyptian terrorist who became the 2nd Emir of al-Qaeda after Osama bin Laden's death in 2011, is killed in an airstrike in Kabul, Afghanistan conducted by the United States' Central Intelligence Agency.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#July", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › July"}}]}