{"slug": "canada", "label": "Canada", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16", "qid": "Q16", "description": "country in North America", "entries": 52, "years": 41, "span": [1603, 2025], "span_label": ["1603 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 15}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 9}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 5}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 5}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "united-states", "label": "United States", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "united-kingdom", "label": "United Kingdom", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "australia", "label": "Australia", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "quebec", "label": "Quebec", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "british-empire", "label": "British Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "halifax-nova-scotia", "label": "Halifax, Nova Scotia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "chennai", "label": "Chennai", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "war-of-the-austrian-succession", "label": "War of the Austrian Succession", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "louisbourg", "label": "Louisbourg", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – French explorer Samuel de Champlain departs from the Channel port of Honfleur in the Calvados département in the Kingdom of France for his first voyage to the settlement of New France in what is now Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656830#January–March", "title": "1603", "revid": 1366656830, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – The first English child is born in what will become Canada at Cuper's Cove, Newfoundland to Nicholas Guy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#January–March", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1619, "year_label": "1619 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 9", "text": "9 May – King Christian IV sends out an expedition led by Jens Munk to find the North-West Passage. On board is also Rasmus Jensen, the first Lutheran cleric in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338402258#Events", "title": "1619 in Denmark", "revid": 1338402258, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1663, "year_label": "1663 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – An earthquake estimated at least 7.3 magnitude strikes Canada's Quebec Province.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365988068#January–March", "title": "1663", "revid": 1365988068, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – The Hudson's Bay Company is granted a royal charter in England with the jurisdiction to control administration and commerce in \"Rupert's Land\", governed for the crown by Rupert, Duke of Cumberland, the cousin of King Charles II. The land is a 1.5 million square mile area of what is now Canada around Hudson Bay. The area controlled covers all of the modern province of Manitoba, most of Saskatchewan, and significant portions of Alberta and Nunavut, as well as parts of what are now Ontario and Quebec, and parts of the U.S. states of Minnesota, North Dakota and Montana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#April–June", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 18", "text": "18 October – War of the Austrian Succession: The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed to end the war. Great Britain obtains Madras, in India, from France, in exchange for the fortress of Louisbourg in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353738429#Events", "title": "1748 in France", "revid": 1353738429, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 18", "text": "18 October – the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession, by which Madras in India is restored to British rule in exchange for the fortress of Louisbourg in Canada with France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1282508078#Events", "title": "1748 in Great Britain", "revid": 1282508078, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1760, "year_label": "1760 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Seven Years' War: Jeffery Amherst and his British troops capture Montreal from the French, effectively bringing Canada completely under British control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358844484#July–September", "title": "1760", "revid": 1358844484, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1764, "year_label": "1764 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – Conditional repatriation of the Acadians in Canada, French colonists who took up arms against the British during the war, is approved by order of King George III on advice of the Privy Council. The Council offers settlement to any Acadians willing to take an oath of allegiance to the British Crown and that those living in New Brunswick are to \"be allowed to settle in Nova Scotia, but that they should be dispersed in small numbers in various localities.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363539304#July–September", "title": "1764", "revid": 1363539304, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1775, "year_label": "1775 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – American Revolution: The Continental Congress bans trade with Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365589248#January–June", "title": "1775", "revid": 1365589248, "section": "Events › January–June"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Jay Treaty establishes neutral commission to settle border disputes between United States and Canada; restores trade between the United States and British colonies of Canada; also guarantees Indians free movement across the border.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955404#Events", "title": "1794 in Canada", "revid": 1349955404, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1810, "year_label": "1810 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January", "text": "January – A Governor declares that, in case of hostilities, a force of regulars, adequate for the defence of Canada, will cooperate with the Militia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349955892#Events", "title": "1810 in Canada", "revid": 1349955892, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "December 17", "text": "December 17 – A trade embargo comes into effect, aimed at New England merchants who have been supplying the British in Canada", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368032457#October–December", "title": "1813 in the United States", "revid": 1368032457, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1842, "year_label": "1842 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 9", "text": "August 9 – The Webster–Ashburton Treaty is signed, establishing the United States–Canada border east of the Rocky Mountains.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369649163#Events", "title": "1842 in the United States", "revid": 1369649163, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1843, "year_label": "1843 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – First Prime Minister of Canada Sir John A. Macdonald marries Isabella Clark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349956876#Events", "title": "1843 in Canada", "revid": 1349956876, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1847, "year_label": "1847 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "May", "text": "May – typhus epidemic of 1847 among Irish emigrants arriving by ship in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360407146#Events", "title": "1847 in Ireland", "revid": 1360407146, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1851, "year_label": "1851 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – Total solar eclipse visible in Canada, Greenland, Iceland and Northern Europe, the first solar eclipse to be photographed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358777790#July–September", "title": "1851", "revid": 1358777790, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1858, "year_label": "1858 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "About 600 African-Americans from California move to Victoria, British Columbia by invitation of Governor James Douglas as part of the gold rush migration. One of them, Mifflin Gibbs, later plays a key role in persuading British Columbia to become part of Canada. Douglas declares Emancipation Day, August 1, the anniversary of the end of slavery in the British Empire, as the colonies' first official holiday August 1, to the chagrin of the white American element in the colony, though Victoria's West Indian police force, recruited by Douglas, was necessarily disbanded because of the hostility from the numerous Americans in the emerging city. Also among the African-Americans who came with the gold rush was Isaac \"Ikey\" Dixon, whose brawl in his Yale barbershop and subsequent safe-custody arrest triggered off the events known as McGowan's War, and who soon after became a noted and popular columnist for the Barkerville newspaper The Cariboo Sentinel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349957477#Events", "title": "1858 in Canada", "revid": 1349957477, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1867, "year_label": "1867 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – Canadian Confederation: The British North America Act of 29 March comes into force, creating the Dominion of Canada, the first independent dominion in the British Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365231456#July", "title": "1867", "revid": 1365231456, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1871, "year_label": "1871 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368649173#July–September", "title": "1871", "revid": 1368649173, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1877, "year_label": "1877 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – Great Sioux War of 1876: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada, to avoid harassment by the U.S. Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370239819#May", "title": "1877", "revid": 1370239819, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1877, "year_label": "1877 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340164313#April–June", "title": "1877 in the United States", "revid": 1340164313, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 12", "text": "January 12 – Canada brings suit before the United States Supreme Court in re seizures of vessels in the Bering Sea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369994059#January", "title": "1891", "revid": 1369994059, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1894, "year_label": "1894 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – Canada's largest known landslide occurs in Saint-Alban, Quebec, displacing 185 million m³ of rock and dirt, and leaving a 40 m scar that covers 4.6 million m².", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369810485#April", "title": "1894", "revid": 1369810485, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1894, "year_label": "1894 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 28", "text": "28 June - A Colonial Conference, held in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, resolves to lay a telegraph cable between Canada and Australia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297034104#Events", "title": "1894 in Australia", "revid": 1297034104, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "230 Welsh colonists leave Patagonia for Manitoba in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360932843#Events", "title": "1902 in Wales", "revid": 1360932843, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 3", "text": "3 November – Postmaster-General James Drake opens a submarine telegraph cable from Southport, Queensland to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, completing a British Empire communications line.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1284883714#Events", "title": "1902 in Australia", "revid": 1284883714, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Endre Johannes Cleven, settler in Canada (born 1874)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323081074#Full_date_unknown", "title": "1916 in Norway", "revid": 1323081074, "section": "Notable deaths › Full date unknown"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – The International Railway (New York–Ontario) switches to one-man crews for its trolleys in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#June", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1931, "year_label": "1931 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom enacts the Statute of Westminster, which establishes a status of legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the Commonwealth of Australia, Canada, the Irish Free State, Newfoundland, the Dominion of New Zealand and the Union of South Africa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310518#December", "title": "1931", "revid": 1371310518, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – WWII: Operation Fish – British Royal Navy cruiser HMS Emerald sails from Greenock (Scotland) in convoy for Halifax, Nova Scotia (arriving July 1), carrying a large part of the gold reserves of the United Kingdom and securities for safe keeping in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#June", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 24", "text": "24 June–1 July – World War II: Operation Fish – Royal Navy cruiser HMS Emerald sailed from Greenock in convoy to Halifax, Nova Scotia, carrying a large part of the gold reserves of the United Kingdom and securities for safe keeping in Canada. Another convoy set sail on 5 July from the Clyde, including HMS Batory, carrying cargo worth $1.7 billion, the largest movement of wealth in history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362260903#Events", "title": "1940 in Scotland", "revid": 1362260903, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – WWII: Operation Fish – A British convoy including HMS Batory sails from Greenock (Scotland) for Halifax, Nova Scotia, carrying gold bar and other valuables worth $1.7 billion for safe keeping in Canada, the largest movement of wealth in history.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 24", "text": "October 24 – The United Nations is founded by ratification of its Charter, by 29 nations including the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Canada, Egypt, Brazil, Haiti, Luxembourg, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and others.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#October", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – The former British colony of Newfoundland joins Canada, as its 10th province.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370167995#March", "title": "1949", "revid": 1370167995, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – A formal peace agreement between Canada and Germany is signed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#July", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – Vincent Massey appointed first Canada-born Governor General of Canada", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372362898#Events", "title": "1952 in Canada", "revid": 1372362898, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British Dominions: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan and Ceylon. The princess, who is on a visit to Kenya when she hears of the death of her father, King George VI, aged 56, takes the regnal name Elizabeth II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#January–February", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › January–February"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17-August 1 - Bolivia participates in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326930110#Events", "title": "1976 in Bolivia", "revid": 1326930110, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1995, "year_label": "1995 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 30", "text": "October 30 – Quebec independentists narrowly lose a referendum for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372467239#October", "title": "1995", "revid": 1372467239, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "August", "text": "August - The United States announced sanctions on companies with greater than $40 million (USD) annual investments in Libya or Iran, despite objections from Germany, France, Canada, and the European Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323164793#Events", "title": "1996 in Libya", "revid": 1323164793, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "June 22", "text": "June 22 – The 2007 Ellie tornado becomes the only F5 tornado recorded under the use of the Fujita scale in Canada, reaching windspeeds up to 320 mph (510 km/h).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#June", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – A gunman opens fire at a mosque in Quebec City, Canada, killing 6 and injuring 19 others.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#January", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – March 2017 North American blizzard: A major late-season blizzard affects the Northeastern United States, New England and Canada, dumping up to three feet of snow in the hardest hit areas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#March", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – The 2018 Venezuelan presidential election was held with incumbent President Nicolás Maduro reelected with 67.8% of the vote and the lowest turnout in Venezuela's modern democratic history since the 1958 coup d'état. The elections were denounced as a \"sham\" by several Latin American countries, the United States, Canada, the Organization of American States and the European Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#May", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – The U.S. announces that it will extend its tariffs on imported steel (25%) and aluminium (10%) to include the EU, Mexico and Canada, starting at midnight.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#May", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8–9 – The 44th G7 summit is held in Canada. President Trump pushes for the reinstatement of the G8 (to include Russia). He also proposes the elimination of tariffs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#June", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 13", "text": "June 13 – FIFA awards hosting rights for the 2026 World Cup to a joint bid from Canada, Mexico and the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#June", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 6", "text": "December 6 – The United States announces a diplomatic boycott of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing in response to China's human rights record. Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia join shortly after.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#December", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – A large eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai, a submarine volcano in Tonga, triggers tsunami warnings in Australia, Canada, Chile, Fiji, Japan, New Zealand, Samoa, and the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#January", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2023, "year_label": "2023 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – Canada and Saudi Arabia agree to restore full diplomatic relations after a breakdown in relations in 2018 over the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372811827#May", "title": "2023", "revid": 1372811827, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 21", "text": "September 21 – The UK, Canada, and Australia announce their formal recognition of Palestine as a sovereign state, with France also doing so the next day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#September", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › September"}}]}