{"slug": "association-football", "label": "Association football", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2736", "qid": "Q2736", "description": "sport that is practiced between two teams of eleven players", "entries": 49, "years": 34, "span": [1848, 2003], "span_label": ["1848 CE", "2003 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 34}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 4}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Association Football", "Football (soccer)", "Soccer"], "related": [{"slug": "glasgow", "label": "Glasgow", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "birmingham", "label": "Birmingham", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "brazil-national-football-team", "label": "Brazil national football team", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "may", "label": "May", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "september", "label": "September", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "romania", "label": "Romania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bucharest", "label": "Bucharest", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "argentina", "label": "Argentina", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iceland", "label": "Iceland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "reykjavik", "label": "Reykjavík", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1848, "year_label": "1848 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Cambridge rules for Association football drawn up.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360411090#Undated", "title": "1848 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1360411090, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – Notts County F.C. is founded in Nottingham, England, making it (by the 21st century) the world's oldest professional Association football team.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358615004#November", "title": "1862", "revid": 1358615004, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1869, "year_label": "1869 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 5", "text": "January 5 – Scotland's second oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360511845#January", "title": "1869", "revid": 1360511845, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 5", "text": "March 5 – The first ever international Association football match, England v Scotland, takes place under the auspices of the Football Association at The Oval, London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496807#March", "title": "1870", "revid": 1362496807, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1870, "year_label": "1870 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 30", "text": "30 November – the first unofficial international Association football match, England v Scotland, takes place under the approval of the Football Association (FA) at The Oval, London. The Scotland team is selected by the FA from players in the London area with Scottish connections.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353739919#Events", "title": "1870 in Scotland", "revid": 1353739919, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1871, "year_label": "1871 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – C. W. Alcock proposes that \"a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association\", giving birth to the FA Cup for Association football in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368649173#July–September", "title": "1871", "revid": 1368649173, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1871, "year_label": "1871 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Reading F.C. is formed as an Association football club in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368649173#October–December", "title": "1871", "revid": 1368649173, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May", "text": "May – Rangers F.C., founded in March as an Association football club in Glasgow (Scotland) by brothers Moses and Peter McNeil, Peter Campbell and William McBeath, play their first ever game on the public pitches of Glasgow Green, a 0 to 0 draw against Callander.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#May", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 30", "text": "November 30 – The first international Association football match to be recognised (retrospectively) by FIFA as \"official\" takes place at Hamilton Crescent, Scotland; the result is Scotland 0-0 England. Earlier international football matches have already taken place in 1870, in 1871 and again in 1872 at the Oval, London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#November", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Association football team Birmingham City F.C. is founded as Small Heath Alliance in Birmingham by a group of cricketers from Holy Trinity Church, Bordesley, playing its first match in November.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360550767#Events", "title": "1875 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1360550767, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September", "text": "September – English Association football team Birmingham City F.C. is founded as Small Heath Alliance in Birmingham by a group of cricketers from Holy Trinity Church, Bordesley, playing its first match in November.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#September", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1875, "year_label": "1875 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – The first Edinburgh derby in Association football is played: Heart of Midlothian F.C. wins 1–0 against Hibernian F.C.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371928758#December", "title": "1875", "revid": 1371928758, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1878, "year_label": "1878 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Football – The Welsh Cup competition takes place for the first time, and is won by Wrexham.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337683057#Sport", "title": "1878 in Wales", "revid": 1337683057, "section": "Sport"}}, {"year": 1885, "year_label": "1885 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "1884–85 and 1885–86 Scottish Cups (Association football)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254792#Seasons", "title": "1885 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254792, "section": "Sport › Seasons"}}, {"year": 1886, "year_label": "1886 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – London Association football club Arsenal, founded as Dial Square by workers at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, play their first match (on the Isle of Dogs). The club is renamed Royal Arsenal soon afterwards, supposedly on December 25.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679431#December", "title": "1886", "revid": 1372679431, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1887, "year_label": "1887 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – Hibernian F.C. of Scotland defeats Preston North End F.C. of England to win the 'Championship of the World', after the two teams win the Association football Cup competitions in their respective countries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363052310#August", "title": "1887", "revid": 1363052310, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1887, "year_label": "1887 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – The Association football club Celtic F.C. is formed in Glasgow, Scotland, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid, to help alleviate poverty in the city's East End by raising money for his charity, the 'Poor Children's Dinner Table'.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363052310#November", "title": "1887", "revid": 1363052310, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Arthur Wharton signs for Rotherham Town F.C. in England for the 1889/90 season, becoming probably the world's first black professional Association football player.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#Undated", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "Arthur Wharton signs for Rotherham Town F.C. for the 1889/90 season, becoming probably the world's first black professional football player.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367172397#Undated", "title": "1889 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1367172397, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – English Association football team Sheffield United F.C. is formed at the Adelphi Hotel, Sheffield. They play their first match on September 7.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#March", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "November 2", "text": "November 2 – English Association football team Wimbledon F.C. plays their first match.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#November", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Football – The Welsh Cup is won by Shrewsbury Town.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360708243#Sport", "title": "1891 in Wales", "revid": 1360708243, "section": "Sport"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – The first official game in the Association football league of Argentina (1891 Argentine Primera División) is held in Caballito, Buenos Aires.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369994059#April", "title": "1891", "revid": 1369994059, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1891, "year_label": "1891 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – The first penalty kick is awarded in an Association football match: John Heath scores it for Wolverhampton Wanderers in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369994059#September", "title": "1891", "revid": 1369994059, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – Scottish Association football club Dundee F.C. is formed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369946190#July", "title": "1893", "revid": 1369946190, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, the oldest Italian Association football club, is formed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369946190#September", "title": "1893", "revid": 1369946190, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1893, "year_label": "1893 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 15", "text": "November 15 – FC Basel Association football club is founded in Switzerland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369946190#November", "title": "1893", "revid": 1369946190, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1894, "year_label": "1894 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – The football club FC La Chaux-de-Fonds is founded in Switzerland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369810485#July", "title": "1894", "revid": 1369810485, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1898, "year_label": "1898 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – Association football and sports club BSC Young Boys is established in Bern, Switzerland, as the Fussballclub Young Boys.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367547011#March", "title": "1898", "revid": 1367547011, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 – Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur, the first Association football club in Iceland, is established in Reykjavík.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#February", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1904, "year_label": "1904 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – S.L. Benfica, one of the biggest Association Football clubs in Portugal, is founded as Sport Lisboa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373337754#February", "title": "1904", "revid": 1373337754, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 11", "text": "February 11 – The Romanian Association football club Sportul Studențesc is founded in Bucharest.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#February", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – The second most popular football club in Costa Rica, Liga Deportiva Alajuelense, is founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#June", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Football - 49-year-old Billy Meredith becomes the oldest man ever to play in an FA Cup semi-final.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362131362#Sport", "title": "1924 in Wales", "revid": 1362131362, "section": "Sport"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 29", "text": "August 29 – F.C. Motagua is founded as an Association football club in Honduras.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#August", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1928, "year_label": "1928 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – Persija Jakarta Association football club is founded as Voetbalbond Indonesische Jacatra.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372527586#November", "title": "1928", "revid": 1372527586, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1930, "year_label": "1930 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – Uruguay beats Argentina 4–2 to win the first FIFA World Cup final in Association football, at Estadio Centenario in Montevideo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373315156#July", "title": "1930", "revid": 1373315156, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1937, "year_label": "1937 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Wydad Athletic Club (WAC)(Arabic: نادي الوداد الرياضي; Berber: Wydad Dar al-Beida; commonly: Wydad al ouma) is established in Casablanca, Morocco; it will be best known for its Casablanca Association football team.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371759714#May", "title": "1937", "revid": 1371759714, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1950, "year_label": "1950 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Torcida Split is founded, in support of the Association football club HNK Hajduk Split, in SFR Yugoslavia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371638577#October", "title": "1950", "revid": 1371638577, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – Brazil beats Sweden 5–2 in the final game to win the football World Cup in Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#June", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1963, "year_label": "1963 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – First games played in the Bundesliga, the primary professional Association football league in West Germany, replacing the Oberliga.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370539540#August", "title": "1963", "revid": 1370539540, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1971, "year_label": "1971 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Akritas Chlorakas, a football team from Chloraka, Paphos, was founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1244278906#Events", "title": "1971 in Cyprus", "revid": 1244278906, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Domestic football: Mohammedan SC won 1975 Dhaka First Division League title, while Team JIC came out runners-up.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366720647#Sports", "title": "1975 in Bangladesh", "revid": 1366720647, "section": "Events › Sports"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Domestic football: Mohammedan SC won 1976 Dhaka First Division League title, while Abahani KC came out runners-up.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364426064#Sports", "title": "1976 in Bangladesh", "revid": 1364426064, "section": "Events › Sports"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 30", "text": "July 30 – In Santiago, Chile, Cruzeiro from Brazil beats River Plate from Argentina and are the Copa Libertadores de América champions in Association football.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#July", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1977, "year_label": "1977 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Domestic football: Abahani KC won 1977 Dhaka First Division League title, while Rahmatganj MFS came out runners-up.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338877710#Sports", "title": "1977 in Bangladesh", "revid": 1338877710, "section": "Events › Sports"}}, {"year": 1979, "year_label": "1979 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Domestic football: Team BJMC won 1979 Dhaka First Division League title, while Abahani KC came out runners-up.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339525752#Sports", "title": "1979 in Bangladesh", "revid": 1339525752, "section": "Events › Sports"}}, {"year": 1985, "year_label": "1985 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – Bradford City stadium fire: A fire engulfs a wooden stand at the Valley Parade stadium in Bradford, England, during an Association football match, killing 56 people.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369963057#May", "title": "1985", "revid": 1369963057, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2003, "year_label": "2003 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 22", "text": "22 June – Real Madrid clinches the Primera división, the top football league in Spain, beating Real Sociedad by two points. The very next day, Real fires its manager, Vicente del Bosque.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368349694#Events", "title": "2003 in Spain", "revid": 1368349694, "section": "Events"}}]}