{"slug": "anglo-spanish-war-16541660", "label": "Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_%281654%E2%80%931660%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369291", "qid": "Q369291", "description": "1654–1660 war between the English Protectorate under Oliver Cromwell and Spain", "entries": 11, "years": 6, "span": [1654, 1670], "span_label": ["1654 CE", "1670 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}], "also_known_as": ["Anglo-Spanish War (1654–60)"], "related": [{"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "jamaica", "label": "Jamaica", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "dunkirk", "label": "Dunkirk", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "portsmouth", "label": "Portsmouth", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-france", "label": "Kingdom of France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "spanish-netherlands", "label": "Spanish Netherlands", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "england", "label": "England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-alexander-vi", "label": "Pope Alexander VI", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cuba", "label": "Cuba", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-morgan", "label": "Henry Morgan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "oliver-cromwell", "label": "Oliver Cromwell", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August", "text": "August – Cromwell launches the 'Western Design', an expedition to the Caribbean to counter Spanish commercial interests, effectively beginning the Anglo-Spanish War (which will last until after the Restoration in 1660). The main fleet leaves Portsmouth on 25 December.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737271#Events", "title": "1654 in England", "revid": 1353737271, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – Oliver Cromwell launches the Western Design with the appointment of Admiral William Penn to prepare for a fleet to leave on Christmas Day for an English expedition to the Caribbean to counter Spanish commercial interests, effectively beginning the Anglo-Spanish War (which will last until after the English Restoration in 1660). The fleet leaves Portsmouth in late December.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365981814#July–September", "title": "1654", "revid": 1365981814, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1655, "year_label": "1655 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "10–27 May – Anglo-Spanish War: Invasion of Jamaica – Forces led by William Penn and Robert Venables capture the island of Jamaica from Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737279#Events", "title": "1655 in England", "revid": 1353737279, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1655, "year_label": "1655 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10–27 – Anglo-Spanish War: Invasion of Jamaica – Forces of the English Protectorate led by William Penn and Robert Venables capture the island of Jamaica from Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365983750#April–June", "title": "1655", "revid": 1365983750, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1657, "year_label": "1657 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 13", "text": "13 March – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660): With the Treaty of Paris, France and England form an alliance against Spain; England receives Dunkirk.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355059733#Events", "title": "1657 in England", "revid": 1355059733, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1657, "year_label": "1657 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–60): By the Treaty of Paris, France and England form an alliance against Spain; England will receive Dunkirk.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656979#January–March", "title": "1657", "revid": 1366656979, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1657, "year_label": "1657 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Anglo-Spanish War – Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife: English Admiral Robert Blake attempts to seize a Spanish treasure fleet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656979#April–June", "title": "1657", "revid": 1366656979, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) and Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659): In the Battle of the Dunes, a Spanish force attempting to lift a siege of Dunkirk is defeated by the French and English. England is then given Dunkirk, for its assistance in the victory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986033#April–June", "title": "1658", "revid": 1365986033, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "14 June – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660): Battle of the Dunes – a French and English army defeats the Spanish in the Spanish Netherlands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353737308#Events", "title": "1658 in England", "revid": 1353737308, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Notable Privateer Henry Morgan lands in Cuba to raid and plunder the inland town of Puerto del Príncipe during the latter stages of the Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989896#January–March", "title": "1668", "revid": 1365989896, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 (July 8, O.S.) – The Treaty of Madrid, also known as the Godolphin Treaty, is signed between England and Spain to formally end hostilities left over from the Anglo-Spanish War, in the Caribbean, that ended ten years earlier. For the first time, Spain acknowledges that it is not entitled to all territory in the Americas west of Brazil, as provided by the 1493 line of demarcation decreed by Pope Alexander VI, and by the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal. Spain acknowledges that Jamaica and the Cayman Islands are English possessions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#July–September", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › July–September"}}]}