{"slug": "adolf-hitler", "label": "Adolf Hitler", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352", "qid": "Q352", "description": "dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, main instigator of World War II (1889–1945)", "entries": 65, "years": 25, "span": [1889, 1970], "span_label": ["1889 CE", "1970 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 18}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 15}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 8}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 6}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Hitler"], "related": [{"slug": "munich", "label": "Munich", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "nazi-party", "label": "Nazi Party", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "hermann-goring", "label": "Hermann Göring", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "nazi-germany", "label": "Nazi Germany", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "wehrmacht", "label": "Wehrmacht", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "royal-navy", "label": "Royal Navy", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "vienna", "label": "Vienna", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "nazism", "label": "Nazism", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "chancellor-of-germany", "label": "Chancellor of Germany", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "schutzstaffel", "label": "Schutzstaffel", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom", "label": "Prime Minister of the United Kingdom", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Birth of Adolf Hitler at Braunau am Inn in Austria-Hungary, the son of customs official Alois Hitler and his third wife, Klara.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#April", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1889, "year_label": "1889 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born dictator of Nazi Germany (suicide 1945)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367594292#April", "title": "1889", "revid": 1367594292, "section": "Births › April"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January", "text": "January – Joseph Stalin travels to Vienna to research his Marxism and the National Question. This means that, during this month, Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito are all living in the city, as also are Freud and Jung.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#January", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1913, "year_label": "1913 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24–25 – Adolf Hitler moves from Vienna to Munich.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373505613#May", "title": "1913", "revid": 1373505613, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 12", "text": "12 September – Adolf Hitler spies on the German's Worker Party meeting in 1919 for the Reichswehr, also joining the party.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330941953#Events", "title": "1919 in Germany", "revid": 1330941953, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1919, "year_label": "1919 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October 16", "text": "October 16 – In Germany, Adolf Hitler gives his first speech for the German Workers' Party (DAP).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373508849#October", "title": "1919", "revid": 1373508849, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1920, "year_label": "1920 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – Adolf Hitler presents his National Socialist Program in Munich to the German Workers' Party (Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), which renames itself as the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369258210#February", "title": "1920", "revid": 1369258210, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1921, "year_label": "1921 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – After a speech by Adolf Hitler in the Hofbräuhaus in Munich (Germany), members of the Sturmabteilung (\"brownshirts\") physically assault his opposition.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371086035#November", "title": "1921", "revid": 1371086035, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day in one of several significant events on 9 November in German history. 20 people die as a result of associated violence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#November–December", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 9", "text": "9 November – In the Beer Hall Putsch, key members of the Nazi Party and their sympathizers, including Adolf Hitler, Hermann Göring and Erich Ludendorff, attempt a coup against the German government. The coup attempt is crushed and fifteen Nazis are killed by the Bavarian Landespolizei. The killed would-be putschists are later designated as the movement's key \"blood martyrs\". The Blutfahne used during the coup attempt becomes a key artifact of Nazi party mythology.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360295591#Events", "title": "1923 in Germany", "revid": 1360295591, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1923, "year_label": "1923 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Adolf Hitler is arrested for his leading role in the Beer Hall Putsch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367772921#November–December", "title": "1923", "revid": 1367772921, "section": "Events › November–December"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 26", "text": "26 February – The trial of Adolf Hitler for the Beer Hall Putsch begins and will last until 1 April.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326931661#Events", "title": "1924 in Germany", "revid": 1326931661, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 1", "text": "April 1 – Adolf Hitler is sentenced to 5 years in Landsberg Prison in Germany for his participation in the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch (he serves less than 9 months).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372136634#April", "title": "1924", "revid": 1372136634, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1924, "year_label": "1924 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – In Germany, Adolf Hitler is released from Landsberg Prison after serving nine months for his crucial role in the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372136634#December", "title": "1924", "revid": 1372136634, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "February 25", "text": "25 February – Adolf Hitler makes his first public appearance since being released from prison", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370529834#Events", "title": "1925 in Germany", "revid": 1370529834, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – Adolf Hitler publishes Volume 1 of his personal manifesto Mein Kampf in Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367485783#July", "title": "1925", "revid": 1367485783, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1925, "year_label": "1925 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – Formal foundation date of the Schutzstaffel (SS) as a personal bodyguard for Adolf Hitler in Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367485783#November", "title": "1925", "revid": 1367485783, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1926, "year_label": "1926 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 14", "text": "14 February – The Nazi Party holds the Bamberg Conference in an attempt to strengthen Adolf Hitler's control over the party.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348060057#Events", "title": "1926 in Germany", "revid": 1348060057, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1931, "year_label": "1931 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "May 8", "text": "May 8 – Prosecution of Adolf Hitler by Hans Litten for complicity in manslaughter committed by members of the Sturmabteilung at the Tanzpalast Eden (\"Eden Dance Palace\") in Berlin in 1930 is dismissed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1245932600#Events", "title": "1931 in Germany", "revid": 1245932600, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1932, "year_label": "1932 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Adolf Hitler obtains German citizenship by naturalization, opening the opportunity for him to run in the 1932 German presidential election.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370718676#February", "title": "1932", "revid": 1370718676, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1932, "year_label": "1932 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 6", "text": "May 6 – The politically powerful General Kurt von Schleicher meets secretly with Adolf Hitler. Schleicher tells Hitler that he is scheming to bring down the Brüning government in Germany and asks for Nazi support of the new \"presidential government\" Schleicher is planning to form. Schleicher and Hitler negotiate a \"gentlemen's agreement\" where in exchange for lifting the ban on the SA and SS and having the Reichstag dissolved for early elections this summer, the Nazis will support Schleicher's new chancellor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370718676#May", "title": "1932", "revid": 1370718676, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1932, "year_label": "1932 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – The Cologne banker Kurt von Schröder, who is a close friend of Papen and a NSDAP member, meets with Adolf Hitler to tell him that Papen wants to set up a meeting to discuss how they can work together. Papen wants Nazi support to return to the Chancellorship while Hitler wants Papen to convince Hindenburg to appoint him Chancellor. Hitler agrees to meet Papen on January 3, 1933.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370718676#December", "title": "1932", "revid": 1370718676, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany by President of Germany Paul von Hindenburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#January", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – Adolf Hitler gives his \"Proclamation to the German People\" in Berlin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#February", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Gleichschaltung: The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler effectively the dictator of Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#March", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler prohibits trade unions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#May", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 15", "text": "15 September – Ștefan Tătărescu, leader of the National Socialist Party and brother of future Prime Minister Gheorghe Tătărescu, visits Adolf Hitler in Germany, supported by Romanian Minister Foreign Affairs, Nicolae Titulescu, as part of a wider objective to undermine the Little Entente.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362409996#Events", "title": "1933 in Romania", "revid": 1362409996, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1934, "year_label": "1934 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 12", "text": "12 April and 13 April - Adolf Hitler, Erich Raeder and Werner von Blomberg sailed through western Norway aboard the German Panzerschiff Deutschland sailing through the Sognefjord and Hardangerfjord. The voyage was Adolf Hitler's first journey abroad since becoming Chancellor in January 1933. During the visit Hitler and Blomberg were observed having a lengthy private conversation. Alan Bullock speculated that discussions regarding concerns about Ernst Röhm and the SA may have taken place during the visit. The visit was documented in contemporary Norwegian newspapers including Bergens Tidende.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371177836#Events", "title": "1934 in Norway", "revid": 1371177836, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1934, "year_label": "1934 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet for the first time, at the Venice Biennale.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372993239#May–June", "title": "1934", "revid": 1372993239, "section": "Events › May–June"}}, {"year": 1934, "year_label": "1934 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 2", "text": "August 2 – Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany, or head of state combined with that of Chancellor, following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372993239#July–August", "title": "1934", "revid": 1372993239, "section": "Events › July–August"}}, {"year": 1934, "year_label": "1934 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 8", "text": "August 8 – The Wehrmacht swears a personal oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372993239#July–August", "title": "1934", "revid": 1372993239, "section": "Events › July–August"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – In Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler orders reinstatement of the air force, the Luftwaffe, in violation of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370722923#February", "title": "1935", "revid": 1370722923, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – Adolf Hitler announces German re-armament in violation of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370722923#March", "title": "1935", "revid": 1370722923, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – In Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler announces the reintroduction of conscription to the Wehrmacht, in violation of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370722923#May", "title": "1935", "revid": 1370722923, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1936, "year_label": "1936 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – In violation of the Treaty of Versailles and Locarno Treaties, Nazi Germany reoccupies the Rhineland. Hitler and other Nazis later admit that the French army alone could have destroyed the Wehrmacht.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373216494#March–April", "title": "1936", "revid": 1373216494, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1936, "year_label": "1936 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October", "text": "October - Saunders Lewis courts further controversy by appearing to praise Adolf Hitler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362499215#Events", "title": "1936 in Wales", "revid": 1362499215, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1937, "year_label": "1937 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – World War II: In the Reich Chancellery, Adolf Hitler holds a secret meeting and states his plans for acquiring \"living space\" for the German people (recorded in the Hossbach Memorandum).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371759714#November", "title": "1937", "revid": 1371759714, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1938, "year_label": "1938 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Adolf Hitler abolishes the War Ministry and creates the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (High Command of the Armed Forces), giving him direct control of the German military. In addition, he dismisses political and military leaders considered unsympathetic to his philosophy or policies. General Werner von Fritsch is forced to resign as Commander of Chief of the German Army following accusations of homosexuality, and replaced by General Walther von Brauchitsch. Foreign Minister Baron Konstantin von Neurath is dismissed, and replaced by Joachim von Ribbentrop.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818751#February", "title": "1938", "revid": 1368818751, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – With his traditional call to the New Year in Nazi Germany, Führer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler addresses the members of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#January", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – Adolf Hitler orders Plan Z, a 5-year naval expansion programme intended to provide for a huge German fleet capable of crushing the British Royal Navy by 1944. The Kriegsmarine is given the first priority on the allotment of German economic resources.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#January", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "January 27", "text": "27 January – Adolf Hitler orders Plan Z, a 5-year naval expansion programme intended to provide for a huge German fleet capable of crushing the Royal Navy by 1944. The Kriegsmarine is given the first priority on the allotment of German economic resources.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369972632#Events", "title": "1939 in Germany", "revid": 1369972632, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 13", "text": "March 13 – Adolf Hitler advises Jozef Tiso to declare Slovakia's independence, in order to prevent its partition by Hungary and Poland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#March", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – In a speech before the Reichstag, Adolf Hitler renounces the Anglo-German Naval Agreement and the German–Polish declaration of non-aggression.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#April", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 19", "text": "August 19 – Adolf Hitler, after evaluating the pace of non-aggression negotiations with the Soviet Union, orders the Kriegsmarine to begin the opening operations for Fall Weiß, the invasion of Poland. The German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee, along with the German pocket battleship Deutschland, as well as dozens of U-boats, cast off for their advance positions. Hitler spends the next few days worrying that the Russians will not come to terms in time for the rest of the invasion plans to unfold as scheduled.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#August", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – The Reichstag passes a statement, stating that Adolf Hitler's second-in-command Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring should be appointed as Hitler's successor as Führer, should Hitler die during the war. Rudolf Hess is to be appointed in Göring's place, should anything befall Göring.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#September", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1939, "year_label": "1939 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – WWII: In Munich, an attempt to kill Adolf Hitler is made by Georg Elser while Hitler is celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372426050#November", "title": "1939", "revid": 1372426050, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Neville Chamberlain, UK Prime Minister, in what proves to be a tragic misjudgment, declares in a major public speech that Hitler has \"missed the bus\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#April", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19 – Adolf Hitler makes a peace appeal (\"appeal to reason\") to Britain, in an address to the Reichstag. BBC German-language broadcaster Sefton Delmer unofficially rejects it at once and Lord Halifax, the British foreign minister, flatly rejects peace terms in a broadcast reply on July 22.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – A decree (Normalschrifterlass) promulgated in Germany by Martin Bormann, on behalf of Adolf Hitler, requires replacement of blackletter typefaces by Antiqua.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#January", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress, and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#January", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – WWII: Hitler's second-in-command, Reichsmarshall Hermann Göring, is appointed as Hitler's successor in a written decree. The decree will come into effect, should Hitler die in the middle of the war. (The decree becomes void in April 1945, after Göring tries to assume power while Hitler is still alive, leading to Göring's expulsion from the Nazi Party.)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#June", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – WWII: The Holocaust: Under instructions from Adolf Hitler, Nazi official Hermann Göring orders S.S. General Reinhard Heydrich to \"submit to me as soon as possible a general plan of the administrative material and financial measures necessary for carrying out the desired Final Solution of the Jewish question.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#July", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "August 18", "text": "18 August — Adolf Hitler orders a temporary halt to Nazi Germany's systematic euthanasia of the mentally ill and handicapped due to protests. However, graduates of the T-4 Euthanasia Program are then transferred to concentration camps, where they continue in their trade.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320691913#August", "title": "1941 in Germany", "revid": 1320691913, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 26", "text": "April 26 – WWII: The Reichstag meets for the last time, dissolving itself and proclaiming Adolf Hitler the \"Supreme Judge of the German People\", granting him the power of life and death over every German citizen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#April", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1942, "year_label": "1942 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – WWII: Battle of Stalingrad: The situation for the German attackers of Stalingrad seems desperate during the Soviet counter-attack Operation Uranus, and General Friedrich Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram, saying that the German Sixth Army is surrounded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372873908#November", "title": "1942", "revid": 1372873908, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Members of the Slovene Home Guard swear an oath to Hitler on his birthday at Bežigrad Stadium.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#April", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – WWII: Adolf Hitler survives the 20 July plot to assassinate him led by Claus von Stauffenberg; he and his fellow conspirators in this and Operation Valkyrie are executed the following day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#July", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – WWII: German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel commits forced suicide rather than face public disgrace and execution for allegedly conspiring against Adolf Hitler.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#October", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "January 30", "text": "January 30 – Adolf Hitler makes his last public speech, on broadcast radio, expressing the belief that Germany will triumph.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#January", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "March 19", "text": "March 19 – Adolf Hitler issues the \"Nero Decree\" ordering that all industries, military installations, machine shops, transportation facilities and communications facilities in Germany be destroyed ahead of Allied advances, but Albert Speer, placed in charge of the implementation, deliberately disobeys it.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#March", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Johann Georg Elser, would-be assassin of Adolf Hitler, is executed at Dachau concentration camp.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#April", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 29", "text": "April 29 – Adolf Hitler marries his longtime mistress Eva Braun, in a closed civil ceremony in the Berlin Führerbunker, and signs his last will and testament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#April", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born German politician, Führer of Germany (suicide) (b. 1889)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#April", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Deaths › April"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "unknown date – In Munich, a collection of mementos and personal papers belonging to Adolf Hitler is turned over to Bayerische Landesbank, for authentication and eventual sale. Among the documents are his appointment as Chancellor signed by President Paul von Hindenburg, his Austrian passport, as well as an assortment of swastika insignia pins and medals. An initial offer of $200,000.00 is made for the collection.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341070030#Events", "title": "1951 in Germany", "revid": 1341070030, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1970, "year_label": "1970 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Fragments of burnt human remains believed to be those of Adolf Hitler, Eva Braun, Joseph Goebbels, Magda Goebbels and the Goebbels children are crushed and scattered in the Biederitz river at a KGB center in Magdeburg, East Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370420699#April", "title": "1970", "revid": 1370420699, "section": "Events › April"}}]}