{"slug": "aberdeen", "label": "Aberdeen", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36405", "qid": "Q36405", "description": "city in Scotland, United Kingdom", "entries": 23, "years": 22, "span": [1179, 1943], "span_label": ["1179 CE", "1943 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": [], "related": [{"slug": "scotland", "label": "Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "william-the-lion", "label": "William the Lion", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "north-sea", "label": "North Sea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "firth-of-forth", "label": "Firth of Forth", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "imperial-german-navy", "label": "Imperial German Navy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edward-bruce", "label": "Edward Bruce", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "church-of-scotland", "label": "Church of Scotland", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1179, "year_label": "1179 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King William I (the Lion) establishes two castles at the Beauly Firth and the Cromarty Firth in northern Scotland. On his return, the city of Aberdeen is chartered by Wiliam.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363299926#Europe", "title": "1179", "revid": 1363299926, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The harrying of Buchan takes places as Scottish forces under Edward Bruce devastate the lands of John Comyn, and his supporters following the victory at Inverurie. Meanwhile, Robert the Bruce takes Aberdeen, conquers Galloway and threatens northern Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#Scotland", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › By place › Scotland"}}, {"year": 1336, "year_label": "1336 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21–22 – Second War of Scottish Independence: Aberdeen, Scotland is burned by the English.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367230650#Events", "title": "1336", "revid": 1367230650, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1571, "year_label": "1571 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 20", "text": "November 20 – Clan Gordon defeats Clan Forbes in the Battle of Craibstone, fought near Aberdeen in Scotland. Clan Forbes sustains 300 deaths and 200 men are taken prisoner out of its original contingent of 900, while Clan Gordon suffers 200 deaths of its 800 men.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369367955#October–December", "title": "1571", "revid": 1369367955, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1593, "year_label": "1593 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Marischal College is founded in Aberdeen by George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353736863#Events", "title": "1593 in Scotland", "revid": 1353736863, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1766, "year_label": "1766 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 13", "text": "13 June – two soldiers and a civilian found guilty in Aberdeen of theft during an earlier meal riot in Banff are rescued from custody by a mob.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254153#Events", "title": "1766 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254153, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1767, "year_label": "1767 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 1", "text": "1 January – The Banking Company in Aberdeen, a co-partnery, opens for business.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353738660#Events", "title": "1767 in Scotland", "revid": 1353738660, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1780, "year_label": "1780 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Royal Aberdeen Golf Club founded as the 'Society of Golfers at Aberdeen'.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362263360#Sport", "title": "1780 in Scotland", "revid": 1362263360, "section": "Sport"}}, {"year": 1784, "year_label": "1784 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 14", "text": "14 November – Samuel Seabury is consecrated at the house of John Skinner, coadjutor bishop of Aberdeen, as first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut (his native state), the first bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254206#Events", "title": "1784 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254206, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1800, "year_label": "1800 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August", "text": "August – the 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot is first mustered by William Wemyss at Strathnaver; in September they are sent from Fort George via Aberdeen to Guernsey and in October formally gazetted into the British Army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254314#Events", "title": "1800 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254314, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Chivas Brothers open a grocery store in Aberdeen which will blend Chivas Regal whisky.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254317#Events", "title": "1801 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254317, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1801, "year_label": "1801 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 4", "text": "4 June – Soldiers of the Ross and Cromarty Rangers fire on a mob in Aberdeen celebrating the King's birthday, killing two.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254317#Events", "title": "1801 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254317, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1813, "year_label": "1813 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 1", "text": "1 April – whaler Oscar wrecked off Aberdeen with the loss of 44 lives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254388#Events", "title": "1813 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254388, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1816, "year_label": "1816 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "August 13", "text": "13 August – An earthquake in Aberdeen is the strongest ever in Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1374054091#Events", "title": "1816 in the United Kingdom", "revid": 1374054091, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1836, "year_label": "1836 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "July 1", "text": "1 July – North of Scotland Bank (a constituent of Clydesdale Bank) established in Aberdeen by Alexander Anderson and others.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372203069#Events", "title": "1836 in Scotland", "revid": 1372203069, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1837, "year_label": "1837 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The first electric locomotive built is a miniature battery locomotive constructed by chemist Robert Davidson of Aberdeen in Scotland, and powered by galvanic cells (batteries).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360323585#Date_unknown", "title": "1837", "revid": 1360323585, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1843, "year_label": "1843 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 18", "text": "18 May – the Disruption of the Church of Scotland takes place. Construction of the Triple Kirks in Aberdeen begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254589#Events", "title": "1843 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254589, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1845, "year_label": "1845 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "October", "text": "October – Aberdeen stock exchange formed", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254597#Events", "title": "1845 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254597, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1856, "year_label": "1856 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "November", "text": "November – James Clerk Maxwell takes up an appointment as Professor of Natural Philosophy at Marischal College, Aberdeen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362254656#Events", "title": "1856 in Scotland", "revid": 1362254656, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1863, "year_label": "1863 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 13", "text": "13 October – the Provostship of Aberdeen is elevated to Lord Provost.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359794198#Events", "title": "1863 in Scotland", "revid": 1359794198, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1868, "year_label": "1868 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "August 19", "text": "19 August – the clipper Thermopylae is launched at Walter Hood & Company's Aberdeen shipyard for George Thompson's Aberdeen Line.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361012720#Events", "title": "1868 in Scotland", "revid": 1361012720, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1917, "year_label": "1917 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 1", "text": "1 May – Imperial German Navy Zeppelins L 43 and L 45 conduct reconnaissance patrols over the North Sea off the coast of Scotland, above the Firth of Forth and Aberdeen, respectively.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362255025#Events", "title": "1917 in Scotland", "revid": 1362255025, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1943, "year_label": "1943 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – Aberdeen, Scotland, experiences its worst bombing, with 125 people killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373526844#April", "title": "1943", "revid": 1373526844, "section": "Events › April"}}]}