199 CE
Battle of Yijing: Chinese warlord Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan. Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls. Geodeung succeeds Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, as king of the Korean kingdom of Gaya (traditional date).
Geopolitics & Diplomacy
- Geodeung succeeds Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, as king of the Korean kingdom of Gaya (traditional date).source
Conflict & Security
- Battle of Yijing: Chinese warlord Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan.source
- Emperor Septimius Severus lays siege to the city-state Hatra in Central-Mesopotamia, but fails to capture the city despite breaching the walls.source
- Two new legions, I Parthica and III Parthica, are formed as a permanent garrison.source
Exploration & Expansion
- Mesopotamia is partitioned into two Roman provinces divided by the Euphrates, Mesopotamia and Osroene.source
Religion & Belief
- Pope Zephyrinus succeeds Pope Victor I, as the 15th pope.source
Deaths
- February 7 – Gao Shun, Chinese general and advisorsource
- Tian Kai, Chinese official and generalsource
- Qin Yilu (or Qin Yi), Chinese generalsource
- Chen Ji, Chinese official, scholar and politiciansource
- Gongsun Zan, Chinese general and warlordsource
- Yuan Shu, Chinese general and warlordsource
- Suro of Geumgwan Gaya, Korean rulersource