Directory

1184 CE

Second Battle of Uji: Japanese forces under Minamoto no Yoshinaka are defeated by his cousins, Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Minamoto no Yoritomo, for the control of Japan. Diet of Pentecost: Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, organises a conference in Mainz. During the diet Frederick negotiates with Henry the Lion about an anti-French alliance with England. Battle of Fimreite: King Sverre of Norway defeats and kills his rival, Magnus V (Erlingsson) near Fimreite. Sverre takes the throne and becomes sole ruler of Norway (until 1202).

Conflict & Security

  • February 19 – Second Battle of Uji: Japanese forces under Minamoto no Yoshinaka are defeated by his cousins, Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Minamoto no Yoritomo, for the control of Japan.source
  • February 21 – Battle of Awazu: Minamoto no Yoshinaka is killed during a pursuit by his cousin's armies. He is joined by his foster brother Imai Kanehira, who commits suicide.source
  • March 20 – Battle of Ichi-no-Tani: Japanese forces under Minamoto no Noriyori defeat the Taira clan at Ikuta Shrine in the woods of Settsu Province during the Genpei War.source
  • May – Berber forces under Ali Banu Ghaniya seize the Almohad cities of Algiers, Béjaïa and Constantine by surprise. While he is away from his base in Mallorca, one of his brothers, Muhammad, takes control of the island and calls in the Almohads, who intend to capture Mallorca for themselves. Banu Ghaniya arrives just in time to defeat the Almohads and recapture the island.source
  • June 15 – Battle of Fimreite: King Sverre of Norway defeats and kills his rival, Magnus V (Erlingsson) near Fimreite. Sverre takes the throne and becomes sole ruler of Norway (until 1202).source
  • July 26 – Approximately 60 are killed in the Erfurt latrine disaster.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • Saladin sends his nephew Izz al-Din Usama, governor (emir) of the iron-rich mountains near Beirut, to build Ajloun Castle, which controls the trade along the road between Damascus and Egypt.source
  • The city of Abbeville receives its commercial charter by King Philip II of France.source

Religion & Belief

  • May 20 – Diet of Pentecost: Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, organises a conference in Mainz. During the diet Frederick negotiates with Henry the Lion about an anti-French alliance with England.source
  • May – A serious fire damages Glastonbury Abbey and destroys several buildings.source
  • August 10 – Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur is proclaimed the new caliph of the Almohad Caliphate, after his father Abu Yaqub Yusuf is killed in Portugal.source
  • The papal bull Ad Abolendam is issued against several European heretical groups: the Cathars, the Waldensians, the Patarines, Josephines and the Humiliati. It is created after a landmark meeting in Verona, between the Holy Roman Empire under Frederick I and the Catholic Church under Pope Lucius III.source

Health & Medicine

  • The first royal ordinance demanding that the Knights Templar and Hospitaller assist in the collection of taxes is promulgated.source

Crime & Justice

  • King Henry II of England encourages his youngest (and favorite) son John to seize Aquitaine from his brother Richard.source

Disasters & Accidents

  • Summer – Almohad forces reconquer the Alentejo (except for Évora), and besiege Lisbon on land and blockade the port with their navy. A Portuguese soldier manages to swim to the largest ship of the fleet and to sink it. This ship was so tall, it would have allowed the Muslims easily to reach the walls of the city. The next day, the Almohads have to retreat, taking with them a number of civilian captives.source

Culture & Society

  • October 29 – The 18-year-old Prince Henry, eldest surviving son of Frederick I, is engaged to Princess Constance, heiress to the Kingdom of Sicily, at Augsburg in the episcopal palace.source

Births

  • April 11 – William Longsword, lord of Lüneburg (d. 1213)source
  • Guigues VI, count of Albon (House of Burgundy) (d. 1237)source
  • William of Modena, Italian bishop and diplomat (d. 1251)source
  • Fujiwara no Hideyoshi, Japanese nobleman (d. 1240)source
  • Ahmad al-Tifashi, Almohad poet and anthologist (d. 1253)source
  • Jutta of Thuringia, margravine of Meissen (d. 1235)source
  • Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, English countess (d. 1241)source

Deaths

  • January 2 – Theodora Komnene, duchess of Austriasource
  • January 13 – Gerard la Pucelle, English bishop (b. 1117)source
  • February 16 – Richard of Dover, English archbishopsource
  • February 21 – Minamoto no Yoshinaka, Japanese shogun (b. 1154)source
  • March 27 – Tamar I becomes queen regnant of Georgia on the death of her father and coregent George III. She remains sole ruler of Georgia (the first woman to hold this office) until her death in 1213.source
  • March 27 – George III, king of Georgia (House of Bagrationi)source
  • March 28 – Eckbert of Schönau (or Egbert), German Benedictine abbotsource
  • June 15 – Magnus V (Erlingsson), king of Norway (b. 1156)source
  • September 30 – Arnold of Torroja, Catalan Grand Mastersource
  • October 24 – Siegfried, prince-archbishop of Bremen (b. 1132)source
  • November 15 – William de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Warwick, English noblemansource
  • November 15 – Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy, Holy Roman Empress consort (b. 1143)source
  • November 18 – Josceline de Bohon, English bishop (b. 1111)source
  • December 29 – Aindréas of Caithness, Gaelic-Scottish monk and bishopsource