Directory

1156 CE

Freeholder Lalli slays the English missionary-bishop Henry with an axe, on the ice of Lake Köyliönjärvi in Finland (according to legend). The Hōgen rebellion, a dispute between Emperor Go-Shirakawa and his half-brother retired-Emperor Sutoku, erupts in Japan. King Sverker I (the Elder) is murdered on his way to church. He is succeeded by his rival, Eric IX (the Holy), as ruler of Sweden.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • September 17 – Frederick I makes the Margraviate of Austria a duchy and gives the Babenberg Dynasty special privileges (the Privilegium Minus).source

Conflict & Security

  • May 28 – King William I (the Bad) lands with a Sicilian expeditionary force in Apulia. He defeats the Byzantine army at Brindisi and recaptures Bari.source
  • July 28 – The Hōgen rebellion, a dispute between Emperor Go-Shirakawa and his half-brother retired-Emperor Sutoku, erupts in Japan.source
  • The independent city-state Sfax revolts against Norman occupation. Almohad forces conquer the city and massacre the Christian citizens.source

Religion & Belief

  • January 20 – Freeholder Lalli slays the English missionary-bishop Henry with an axe, on the ice of Lake Köyliönjärvi in Finland (according to legend).source
  • June 18 – Pope Adrian IV comes to terms, and signs the Treaty of Benevento. He recognises the suzerainty of William I as ruler of Sicily and Italy.source

Crime & Justice

  • December 25 – King Sverker I (the Elder) is murdered on his way to church. He is succeeded by his rival, Eric IX (the Holy), as ruler of Sweden.source
  • Mosan artists create the Stavelot Triptych, a masterpiece of Goldsmithing, as a reliquary to house purported pieces of the True Cross.source

Culture & Society

  • June 9 – Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) marries Beatrice I, daughter of Reginald III, adding the County of Burgundy to the Holy Roman Empire.source
  • Yuri Dolgorukiy, Grand Prince of Kiev, founds and fortifies the town of Moscow and erects a wooden Kremlin within the settlement (approximate date).source

Births

  • January 6 – Matilda of England, daughter of Henry II (d. 1189)source
  • October 27 – Raymond VI, French nobleman (d. 1222)source
  • Sayf al-Din al-Amidi, Ayyubid jurist (d. 1233)source
  • Robert of Auxerre, French chronicler (d. 1212)source
  • Hōjō Masako, Japanese noblewoman (d. 1225)source
  • Gaucelm Faidit, French troubadour (d. 1209)source
  • Isaac II Angelos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1204)source
  • Abu Said al-Baji, Almohad Sufi scholar (d. 1231)source
  • Magnus V Erlingsson, king of Norway (d. 1184)source
  • Zhang Congzheng, Chinese physician (d. 1228)source

Deaths

  • January 17 – André de Montbard, French noblemansource
  • January 20 – Henry, English bishop and missionarysource
  • January 31 – Herman van Horne, bishop of Utrechtsource
  • February – Domenico Morosini, doge of Venice (House of Morosini), dies after an 8-year reign. He is succeeded by Vitale II Michiel as ruler of Venice.source
  • July 20 – Toba, Japanese emperor (b. 1103)source
  • August 4 – Otto IV, German nobleman (b. 1083)source
  • August 12 – Blanca of Navarre, queen of Castilesource
  • November 20 – Henry I, German nobleman (b. 1115)source
  • December 2 – William IX, count of Poitiers (b. 1153)source
  • December 25 – Sverker I (the Elder), king of Swedensource
  • December 25 – Peter the Venerable, French monk and abbotsource
  • Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair, Irish king (b. 1088)source
  • Atsiz, Persian ruler of the Khwarazmian Empiresource
  • Domenico Morosini, doge of Venice (House of Morosini)source