Directory

1086 CE

Pope Victor III succeeds Gregory VII as the 158th pope of the Catholic Church, though he does not accept election until 1087. King William the Conqueror calls for a meeting at Old Sarum, where he invites his major vassals and tenants-in-chief to swear allegiance to him. This is known as the Oath of Salisbury. Battle of Sagrajas: Spanish forces under King Alfonso VI ("the Brave") of Castile are defeated by the Moors and their allies, the Almoravids, who have been invited to help on orders by Emir Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad.

Conflict & Security

  • October 23 – Battle of Sagrajas: Spanish forces under King Alfonso VI ("the Brave") of Castile are defeated by the Moors and their allies, the Almoravids, who have been invited to help on orders by Emir Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad.source
  • Siege of Syracuse (1086) – Norman forces under Count Roger I ("Bosso") conquer Syracuse, the last Muslim stronghold in Sicily.source

Religion & Belief

  • May 24 – Pope Victor III succeeds Gregory VII as the 158th pope of the Catholic Church, though he does not accept election until 1087.source

Health & Medicine

  • The population in England is estimated to be 1.25 million citizens with 10% living in boroughs.source

Crime & Justice

  • Summer – Suleiman ibn Qutulmish, ruler of the Turks in Rum, is killed by Emir Tutush I in the battle of Ain Salm near Antioch. Suleiman's 7-year-old son Kilij Arslan I is captured and transferred as hostage to Isfahan (modern Iran).source

Disasters & Accidents

  • Sultan Malik-Shah I rebuilds the Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf (modern Iraq), after it was destroyed by fire.source

Culture & Society

  • August 1 – King William the Conqueror calls for a meeting at Old Sarum, where he invites his major vassals and tenants-in-chief to swear allegiance to him. This is known as the Oath of Salisbury.source
  • The Domesday Book is completed. Drawn up on the orders of William I; it describes in detail the landholdings and resources in England.source

Births

  • April 24 – Ramiro II ("the Monk"), king of Aragon (d. 1157)source
  • August 11 – Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1125)source
  • August 20 – Bolesław III Wrymouth, duke of Poland (d. 1138)source
  • Zhang Jun, Chinese general and official (d. 1154)source
  • al-Shahrastani, Persian scholar and historian (d. 1153)source
  • Þorlákur Runólfsson, Icelandic bishop (d. 1133)source
  • Vicelinus, bishop of Oldenburg in Holstein (d. 1154)source

Deaths

  • March 15 – Richilde, countess and regent of Flanderssource
  • March 18 – Anselm of Lucca, Italian bishop (b. 1036)source
  • May 21 – Wang Anshi, Chinese chancellor (b. 1021)source
  • July 10 – Canute IV ("the Holy"), king of Denmarksource
  • July 14 – Toirdelbach Ua Briain, Irish king (b. 1009)source
  • July 17 – García Ramírez, Aragonese bishopsource
  • August 8 – Conrad I, count of Luxembourg (b. 1040)source
  • September 25 – William VIII, duke of Aquitainesource
  • October 11 – Sima Guang, Chinese politician (b. 1019)source
  • October 23 – Rodrigo Muñoz, Galician noblemansource
  • December 25 – Judith of Bohemia, duchess of Polandsource
  • Gregory Pakourianos, Byzantine politician and general, killed in battlesource
  • Huizong, Chinese emperor (Western Xia) (b. 1060)source
  • Muhammad ibn Ammar, Moorish poet (b. 1031)source