478 BCE

Hiero I (Hieron) becomes the Tyrant of Syracuse following the death of his brother Gelo. With the help of the Athenian statesman and general, Cimon, Aristides commands an Athenian fleet of 30 ships that the Spartan commander Pausanias leads to capture the Greek cities on Cyprus and Byzantium, taking them from the Persians and their Phoenician allies. A Temple of Confucius is established in (modern-day) Qufu.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

The Delian League is establishedsource

Conflict & Security

With the help of the Athenian statesman and general, Cimon, Aristides commands an Athenian fleet of 30 ships that the Spartan commander Pausanias leads to capture the Greek cities on Cyprus and Byzantium, taking them from the Persians and their Phoenician allies.source

Religion & Belief

A Temple of Confucius is established in (modern-day) Qufu.source

Technology & Infrastructure

Despite Spartan opposition, Athens works on refortifying and rebuilding after the Persian destruction of the city in 479.source

Crime & Justice

While Pausanias is occupying Byzantium, his arrogance and his adoption of Persian clothing and manners offends the allies and raises suspicions of disloyalty. Pausanias is recalled to Sparta, where he is tried and acquitted of the charge of treason, but he is not restored to his command.source

Deaths

Hiero I (Hieron) becomes the Tyrant of Syracuse following the death of his brother Gelo.source
Gelo, tyrant of the cities of Gela and Syracuse in Sicilysource
Xenophanes, Greek poet and philosopher (approximate year)source