354 BCE
The State of Qi is victorious over the State of Wei in the Battle of Guiling, a conflict which involves the military strategy of Sun Bin. The Phocians suffer a defeat in the Sacred War against Athens. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus in Caria, the tomb of King Mausolus and one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is built.
Geopolitics & Diplomacy
- Athens recognises the independence of Chios, Kos and Rhodes and makes peace with Mausolus of Caria.source
Conflict & Security
- Reflecting the growing level of discontent with his tyrannical conduct, Dion is assassinated by Callippus, an Athenian who has accompanied him on his expedition to take over as tyrant of Syracuse. Dionysius II remains in exile in Italy.source
- Philip II of Macedon takes and destroys Methone, a town which has belonged to Athens. During the siege of Methone, Philip loses an eye.source
- Rome allies itself with the Samnites and they agree on a mutual defence pact.source
- Rome defeats the Etruscans of the city of Caere.source
- The State of Qi is victorious over the State of Wei in the Battle of Guiling, a conflict which involves the military strategy of Sun Bin.source
- The Phocians suffer a defeat in the Sacred War against Athens.source
Culture & Society
- The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus in Caria, the tomb of King Mausolus and one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is built.source
Births
- Hieronymus of Cardia, Greek general and historian (d. 250 BC)source