Directory

335 BCE

Aristotle returns to Athens from Macedon and opens a peripatetic school in an old gymnasium called the Lyceum. It contains a museum of natural history, zoological gardens and a library. The sculptor Praxiteles ends his active career in Athens (approximate date). After conquering Thebes, Alexander demands the surrender of the mercenary commanders, Chares and Charidemus, among others. Chares escapes to the Troad while Charidemus is banished and flees to Persia.

Geopolitics & Diplomacy

  • Marcus Valerius Corvus is elected consul of the Roman Republic for the fourth time.source

Conflict & Security

  • Returning to Macedonia by way of Delphi (where the Pythian priestess acclaims him "invincible"), King Alexander III of Macedonia advances into Thrace in order to secure the Danube as the northern boundary of the Macedonian kingdom. After forcing the Shipka Pass and crushing the Triballi, he crosses the Danube to disperse the Getae. Turning west, he then defeats and shatters a coalition of Illyrians who are invading Macedonia.source
  • After conquering Thebes, Alexander demands the surrender of the mercenary commanders, Chares and Charidemus, among others. Chares escapes to the Troad while Charidemus is banished and flees to Persia.source
  • The admiration of Alexander for the Athenian orator and diplomat, Demades, leads the conqueror to treat Athens leniently despite its involvement in the rebellion. A special Athenian embassy led by Phocion, an opponent of the anti-Macedonian faction, is able to persuade Alexander to give up his demand for the exile of the leaders of the anti-Macedonian party, particularly Demosthenes.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • Cales (modern Calvi), a city in Campania, is taken by the Romans and a Roman colony is established there.source

Crime & Justice

  • A rumour that Alexander has been killed by the Illyrians leads the Thebans and Athenians to take up arms again. Alexander defeats the Greeks and razes Thebes. In Thebes, 6,000 people are killed and all survivors are sold into slavery.source

Culture & Society

  • Aristotle returns to Athens from Macedon and opens a peripatetic school in an old gymnasium called the Lyceum. It contains a museum of natural history, zoological gardens and a library.source
  • The sculptor Praxiteles ends his active career in Athens (approximate date).source

Births

  • Herophilos, Greek physician and first anatomist (d. 280 BC)source

Deaths

  • Eubulus, Athenian statesman (b. c. 405 BC)source
  • Hicetas of Syracuse, Greek mathematician and philosopher (b. c. 400 BC)source