Directory

200 BCE

Antiochus III's forces continue their invasion of Coele Syria and Palestine. Lost-wax casting is known in China and Mesopotamia (approximate date). The city of Tiwanaku is founded as a village near Lake Titicaca in modern Bolivia (approximate date).

Conflict & Security

  • The Acarnanians, with Macedonian support, invade Attica, causing Athens, which has previously maintained its neutrality, to seek help from the enemies of Philip. Attalus I of Pergamum, who is with his fleet at Aegina, receives an embassy from Athens asking him to come to the city for consultations. After he is told that Roman ambassadors are also in Athens, Attalus goes there in haste.source
  • Conquest of Armenia by the Seleucids.source
  • The Roman ambassador to Greece, Syria, and Egypt, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus delivers an ultimatum to Philip V warning Macedonia not to make war on any Greek state. Philip decides to reject the Roman ultimatum and the Romans declare war on Macedon, thus starting the Second Macedonian War.source
  • Antiochus III's forces continue their invasion of Coele Syria and Palestine.source
  • The Han emperor Gaozu is defeated by the Xiongnu, led by Modu Chanyu, in the Battle of Baideng.source
  • Philip V of Macedon's fleet defeat the Rhodians at Lade. His forces then advance into Pergamum, plundering Pergamese territory and attacking cities in Caria.source

Exploration & Expansion

  • The Roman consul, Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus, asks Attalus I and his fleet to meet up with the Roman fleet off the Greek Aegean coast and they conduct a naval campaign against Philip V, harassing Macedonian possessions in and along the Aegean.source
  • Lost-wax casting is known in China and Mesopotamia (approximate date).source

Technology & Infrastructure

  • The city of Tiwanaku is founded as a village near Lake Titicaca in modern Bolivia (approximate date).source
  • The construction of the Wei-Yang Palace in the Han dynasty capital (Chang'an) begins.source

Science & Discovery

  • The first good measurement of the distance between Earth and the Sun is made by Eratosthenes (approximate date). By studying lunar eclipses, his result is roughly 150 000 000 km. The currently accepted value is 149 597 870 691 ± 30 metres.source

Crime & Justice

  • Roman artists begin attempting to produce the illusion of thin slabs of colored marble covering the walls, which are set off by actual architectural moldings and columns, in private houses. These attempts last for 120 years.source
  • Chinese create a padding material.source

Climate & Environment

  • The Early Horizon period in the Andes comes to an end as the Chavin culture vanishes and is succeeded by the Nazca culture (approximate date).source

Culture & Society

  • Alexander the Great, head from a Hellenistic copy of a statue, possibly after a 4th century BC original by Lysippos is made. It is now kept at the Archeological Museum in Istanbul, Turkey.source

Births

  • Jia Yi, Chinese statesman and poet (d. 170 BC)source
  • Chao Cuo, Chinese political advisor and official (approximate date)source
  • Gongsun Hong, Chinese statesman and chancellor (d. 121 BC)source
  • Wen, Chinese emperor of the Han dynasty (d. 157 BC)source

Deaths

  • Euthydemus I of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom dies and is succeeded by his son Demetrius I of Bactria (approximate date).source
  • Abdissares, king of Sophene (Armenian Kingdom) from 212 BCsource
  • Euthydemus I, king of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom from 223 BC (approximate date) (b. c. 260 BC)source